1. ʻO ka bacteria e kau wikiwiki ana: hoʻolālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke apo, oxygen dissolved maikaʻi.
2. ʻO ka hydrophilicity maikaʻi: He nui ka wahi moʻomeheu microporous, wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai, kiʻekiʻe ka hana biological, a maikaʻi ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai.
3. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka pulverize: ke ahi wela kiʻekiʻe, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ke kaumaha māmā, ka paʻa paʻa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pulverize.
4. Mea kānana neutral: Paʻa ka maikaʻi o ka wai i ka pH, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻopili i ka loli o ke kino wai.5. Ka ikaika adsorption: kiʻekiʻe ka wai permeability a me ka ikaika adsorption.